P30 THE STUDY OF HAIR TISSUE STRUCTURE CHANGES DUE TO INFLUENCE OF EXOGENOUS FACTORS BY MEANS OF X-RAY DIFFRACTION
Kubanova AA1, Gadzhigoroeva AG1, Vazina AA2, Lanina N2
1Central Scientific Dermatovenerologic Institute, Moscow, Russia
2Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics of Russian Medical Science Academy, Obninsk, Russia

Diffraction view of hair structure, which was obtained by means of X-ray structure analysis, is a result of series of meridional reflexes with different angle periods, formed with the two types of hair fibrillar structures: 1. Keratin supercoil structures of the cytoskeleton that reflect helical packing of keratin molecules along the hair axis and determine the set of meridional reflexes with the brightest period of 6.7 nm. 2. Intracellular matrix structures of the glycoprotein nature that are characterized with equatorial reflex of 4.5 nm. Investigation of the 1 m length hair showed, that intensity and the angle size of the 2 reflex have different forms and increase from the hair root to the end of hair. On X-ray scans such reflex is rendered by the ring type (the "ring" reflex). This is the evidence of disruption of the hair tissue protective function, because this fact correlates with the increase of calcium amount in hair tissue. The calcium levels increase is determined by the penetration of calcium from the external medium as a result of the destruction of the protective hair mantle caused by the influence of different exogenous factors, in particular by the influence of hygienic hair care drugs detergents. The absence of the ring is the evidence of the retaining of the hair tissue protective structures. We investigated scalp hair specimens, which were obtained before the treatment and after the finish of the treatment, from two different donors groups. In the first group 17 men were administrated with 5% minoxidil solution for external use twice a day during four month. In the second group 16 men and women used shampoo, containing tar distillate, on a regular base every 3 days during 2 month. Structural hair tissue analysis was performed with use of X-ray diffraction method. In the first group of patients comparative study of the diffraction picture of hair specimens, analyzed in vivo before and after the four month period of minoxidil therapy, and of hair specimens investigated in vitro, did not show any significant changes of intensity or angle size of meridional reflexes. This confirms that 5% minoxidil solution doesn't exert disruptive influence on hair tissue. Comparative study of the hair specimens diffraction picture in the second group patients, who regularly used the shampoo, containing tar distillate, have demonstrated changes of the intensity and the angle equatorial reflex of 4.5 nm. These changes included transformation of the reflex from the "ring" type to the "no ring" type. This is evident of stabilization of the intracellular matrix structure of the hair tissue with its regeneration to the native state. Conclusion. Hair tissue keratin structures are stable enough in the view of wide range of the care conditions and therapeutic factors. The glycoprotein intracellular matrix structure, which is clearly seen in X-ray diffraction scans and may be used for the determination of the 4,5 nm reflex, can also serve as a marker of different type modifications, formed under the influence of exogenous factors, in particular, under the influence of hygienic hair care drugs.